The Legal Effect of Diminishing State Sovereignty and Entering into Unions on the State's Ability to Conclude Treaties
الكلمات المفتاحية:
Federal union, dependent states, states under protection, personal union, confederation
الملخص
There is no doubt that the state has the right to conclude treaties.,But the question arises regarding countries with limited sovereignty, or those that have entered into unions with others.,The most significant form of lack of sovereignty is that of dependent states.andSearchinIts inability to conclude treaties,Her legal personality was not fully established.,To keep her hand off external representation, However, practical experience has confirmed the need to consider each case individually.independentlyAs for entering into unions, the most important form is a federal union, which is permitted to conclude treaties.,It is a permanent union of different sovereign states.,The union has authority over its members and their citizens.,However, small states, or states within a federal union, do not possess the status of a state, and therefore do not have international legal personality.,Its legal personality dissolved into the federal union.,Therefore, it is unable to conclude treaties.
المراجع
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2. Georgy Zeidan, “The Ottoman Egypt,” Hindawi Institution for Education and Culture, 2012 AD, electronic version, pp. 37, p. 49.
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4. Yunnan, “Mohamed Naguib, Leader of the Revolution or the Facade of Movement,” raised part 18 of the History Series - The Other Side - A Replay of Egyptian History. Dar Al-Shorouk, 1st edition, 2008 AD, pp. 42-43.
5. Abdul Rahman Al-Rafei:
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8. “Introductions to the July 23 Revolution of 1952 (The Struggle in the Channel - the Cairo Fire - Ministries of Personnel - Causes of the Revolution - Farouk Prepares for the Revolution)”, Dar Al Maaref, Third Edition, 1407 AH - 1987 AD, see this book by Counselor Helmy El Sebaei Shaheen - Former Vice President of State Cases. (Soft copy) pp. 25-26.
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11. Muhammad Mustafa Yunus, “Principles of Public International Law,” Dar al-Nahdah al-Arabiya, no history, pp. 276 ff.
12. Nuri Talabani, “On the Concept of the Federal System”, an article published in the Journal of the Iraqi Scientific Academy - the Kurdish Commission, the second edition of 2005. Erbil. Ministry of Education Press. Pp. 12-13.
13. Waleed Ahmed Mohamed Amin, “The Madrid System Concerning the International Registration of the Trademark Between Available and Prospective” Thesis submitted to obtain a PhD, Faculty of Law, University of Beni Suef, 2019.
14. Theodore Zoudstein (Arabization: Ali Ahmad Shukri) “History of Egypt before and after the British occupation” 1927 AD. Pp. 16--25.
15. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, “In the Social Contract or Principles of Political Law”, translation, presentation and comment / Abdel Aziz Labib, Arab Organization for Translation - Beirut - Lebanon, first edition, July 2011. P. 136.
16. Jerome A. Barron - S. Thomas Dennis “The Brief in Constitutional Law - Fundamental Principles of the American Constitution” “translated / Muhammad Mustafa Ghoneim. Review / Hind Al-Bugali. A gift from the United States of America to the Library of Alexandria and the Egyptian people on October 16, 2002 AD, the Egyptian Association for the Diffusion of International Knowledge and Culture. P. 140.
17. The Technical Office of the Supreme Administrative Court.
18. The group of the youth office for Fatwa Fatwa and Legislative Sections.
19. Bryan A. Garner(Editor in Chief) “Black's Law Dictionary” Ninth Edition. WEST A Thomson Reuters business. 2009. p. 1344.
20. John Westlake“International Law - Part I: Peace” Cambridge: at the University Press 1904, p. 63.
21. L. Oppenhein“International Law – A Treatise” vol. 1. Peace. Longmans, Green, and Co. 1905. P. 101.
22. Malcolm N. Shaw“International Law” Sixth edition, Cambridge University Press, 2008. pp. 216 – 217.
23. Miyoshi Masahiro(Professor Emeritus of International Law Aichi University, Japan) “Sovereignty and International Law” Durham University Paper. p.7. Available at:https://www.dur.ac.uk/resources/ibru/conferences/sos/masahiro_miyoshi_paper.pdf
24. Peter Malanczuk "Akehurst's Modern Introduction to International Law" Seventh revised edition, Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2002. p. 75.
25. The Basic Law of the Hong KongSpecial Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (Adopted at the Third Session of the Seventh National People's Congress on 4 April 1990 Promulgated by Order No. 26 of the President of the People's Republic of China on 4 April 1990 Effective as of 1 July 1997).
26. “Paris Notification No. 91 - Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property Application of the Paris Convention to the Territory of Hong Kong”. Available at:http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/notifications/paris/treaty_paris_91.html
27. "Paris Notification No. 179 Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property Cessation of Responsibility of the United Kingdom, from July 1, 1997, for International Rights and Obligations Arising from the Application of the Paris Convention to Hong Kong" Available at:http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/notifications/paris/treaty_paris_179.html
28. “Madrid Notification No. 91 Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks - Deferred Application of the Madrid Agreement and the Protocol to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region” Available at:http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/notifications/madridp-gp/treaty_madridp_gp_91.html
29. United States v. Curtiss-Wright Export Corp., 14 F. Supp. 230 (SDNY 1936).
30. “Protectorates and Protected States”Available at:https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/268033/pandpstates.pdf
2. Georgy Zeidan, “The Ottoman Egypt,” Hindawi Institution for Education and Culture, 2012 AD, electronic version, pp. 37, p. 49.
3. Raafat Ghoneim Al-Sheikh, “Egypt and Sudan in International Relations,” World of Books, (electronic version, The Commission for Historical Studies and International Relations -4-). 1979 AD, p. 9 and beyond.
4. Yunnan, “Mohamed Naguib, Leader of the Revolution or the Facade of Movement,” raised part 18 of the History Series - The Other Side - A Replay of Egyptian History. Dar Al-Shorouk, 1st edition, 2008 AD, pp. 42-43.
5. Abdul Rahman Al-Rafei:
6. The era of Muhammad Ali, Dar Al-Maarif, Fifth Edition, 1409 AH - 1989 AD. (electronic copy). Pp. 27-32.
7. "The Revolution of 1919 - The National History of Egypt from 1914 to 1921", Dar Al-Maarif, Fourth Edition, 1987 AD. This book was reviewed by Counselor Helmy El Sebaei Shaheen - Former Vice President of Government Cases. (electronic copy). Pp. 30-31.
8. “Introductions to the July 23 Revolution of 1952 (The Struggle in the Channel - the Cairo Fire - Ministries of Personnel - Causes of the Revolution - Farouk Prepares for the Revolution)”, Dar Al Maaref, Third Edition, 1407 AH - 1987 AD, see this book by Counselor Helmy El Sebaei Shaheen - Former Vice President of State Cases. (Soft copy) pp. 25-26.
9. Abdullah Abdel-Razek Ibrahim - Shawky Al-Gamal, “History of Egypt and Modern and Contemporary Sudan”, Dar Al-Thaqafa for Publishing and Distribution, electronic version, 1997, p. 309.
10. Ali Hadi Hamidi Al-Shakrawi, “Second year - Political Systems Course”, Faculty of Law, University of Babylon. Available electronically within the university's e-learning system. December 16, 2011.
11. Muhammad Mustafa Yunus, “Principles of Public International Law,” Dar al-Nahdah al-Arabiya, no history, pp. 276 ff.
12. Nuri Talabani, “On the Concept of the Federal System”, an article published in the Journal of the Iraqi Scientific Academy - the Kurdish Commission, the second edition of 2005. Erbil. Ministry of Education Press. Pp. 12-13.
13. Waleed Ahmed Mohamed Amin, “The Madrid System Concerning the International Registration of the Trademark Between Available and Prospective” Thesis submitted to obtain a PhD, Faculty of Law, University of Beni Suef, 2019.
14. Theodore Zoudstein (Arabization: Ali Ahmad Shukri) “History of Egypt before and after the British occupation” 1927 AD. Pp. 16--25.
15. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, “In the Social Contract or Principles of Political Law”, translation, presentation and comment / Abdel Aziz Labib, Arab Organization for Translation - Beirut - Lebanon, first edition, July 2011. P. 136.
16. Jerome A. Barron - S. Thomas Dennis “The Brief in Constitutional Law - Fundamental Principles of the American Constitution” “translated / Muhammad Mustafa Ghoneim. Review / Hind Al-Bugali. A gift from the United States of America to the Library of Alexandria and the Egyptian people on October 16, 2002 AD, the Egyptian Association for the Diffusion of International Knowledge and Culture. P. 140.
17. The Technical Office of the Supreme Administrative Court.
18. The group of the youth office for Fatwa Fatwa and Legislative Sections.
19. Bryan A. Garner(Editor in Chief) “Black's Law Dictionary” Ninth Edition. WEST A Thomson Reuters business. 2009. p. 1344.
20. John Westlake“International Law - Part I: Peace” Cambridge: at the University Press 1904, p. 63.
21. L. Oppenhein“International Law – A Treatise” vol. 1. Peace. Longmans, Green, and Co. 1905. P. 101.
22. Malcolm N. Shaw“International Law” Sixth edition, Cambridge University Press, 2008. pp. 216 – 217.
23. Miyoshi Masahiro(Professor Emeritus of International Law Aichi University, Japan) “Sovereignty and International Law” Durham University Paper. p.7. Available at:https://www.dur.ac.uk/resources/ibru/conferences/sos/masahiro_miyoshi_paper.pdf
24. Peter Malanczuk "Akehurst's Modern Introduction to International Law" Seventh revised edition, Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2002. p. 75.
25. The Basic Law of the Hong KongSpecial Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (Adopted at the Third Session of the Seventh National People's Congress on 4 April 1990 Promulgated by Order No. 26 of the President of the People's Republic of China on 4 April 1990 Effective as of 1 July 1997).
26. “Paris Notification No. 91 - Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property Application of the Paris Convention to the Territory of Hong Kong”. Available at:http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/notifications/paris/treaty_paris_91.html
27. "Paris Notification No. 179 Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property Cessation of Responsibility of the United Kingdom, from July 1, 1997, for International Rights and Obligations Arising from the Application of the Paris Convention to Hong Kong" Available at:http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/notifications/paris/treaty_paris_179.html
28. “Madrid Notification No. 91 Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks - Deferred Application of the Madrid Agreement and the Protocol to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region” Available at:http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/notifications/madridp-gp/treaty_madridp_gp_91.html
29. United States v. Curtiss-Wright Export Corp., 14 F. Supp. 230 (SDNY 1936).
30. “Protectorates and Protected States”Available at:https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/268033/pandpstates.pdf
منشور
2025-12-16
كيفية الاقتباس
Amjed Nori Alawadi. (2025). The Legal Effect of Diminishing State Sovereignty and Entering into Unions on the State’s Ability to Conclude Treaties. مجلة العصر للعلوم الانسانية والاجتماع, (20), 288-316. https://doi.org/10.33193/eJHAS.20.2025.403
إصدار
القسم
المقالات
الحقوق الفكرية (c) 2025 Amjed Nori Alawadi
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